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Trump’s trade shock hits the global economy


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Over the past two decades, the global economy has stood from one push to the other: financial crisis; First -term trade war against Donald Trump’s China; Pandemic; Post-Pandemic inflation; Russia’s Ukraine attack; War in the Middle East; And now Trump’s second “Lets-The-The-The-The World-Economy Up-Fan” trade war, which has not been seen in the level that has not been seen for more than a century, will probably come more likely if more will come “Mutual duty“Re -created. (See the chart.)

This unnecessary shock is the IMF’s job to understand what the global economy meant for. Its latest Economic outlookThis does very well. This does not mean that it knows. None Out of the chosen selected by the general ignorance of donating through previous turmoil and how our complex global economy is operated, we have faced this huge inconvenience what Trump will do or how others will work for this matter.

As a result, the United States and China can identify the biggest reality, except for the prohibited tariffs on each other, this is the advanced uncertainty. It itself is economically paralyzed. In fact, one of the many frustrating reality of the Trump administration is that the failure to understand that in a free society, rationally becomes the most important role in the government Reduction Uncertainty, do not do whatever it can to raise it.

Consider the background in Trump’s push. As the economic adviser to the fund, Pierre-Alyvia Gaurichas, has notes to the Waywi on his leading issues: “The global economy has shown amazing resilience in the last four years of fatal push.” Inflation has decreased from chronic height. The unemployment and vacuum rate also returned to the pre-patriarch level. Global growth returned to about 3 percent, less than in the past, but at least honorable, when the output reached the possibility. Yet many economies remain at the bottom of the pre-pandemic trend. On the contrary, the United States was the biggest exception.

Things were getting better then but also a significant amount. In many countries inflation is not yet securely back to the target. The level and deficit of the public debt is usually at high level, as a result of the attempt to cush the previous push. The interest rate is also at an advanced level. So, today, it is more difficult to use financial or financial policies in Kushon Bloos. It is not surprising that growth forecasts are being downgrade. There is nothing surprising, Trump is fought against Jay Paul in the Federal ReserveThe The latter is right to prevent. I remember how destructive the inflation cycle of the 1970s was confident. We need any repetition in our fragile world economy.

Real 10-year official bond yield line chart (%) is better than pre-pandemic level showing long-term original interest rates

The IMF further explains how steep tariffs act as a shock of supposed supply, which reduces productivity and increases the cost of the unit. As the export demand decreases, those who hit the price impose low pressure on the price. As Wao says: “In both cases, business uncertainty investments and postpone the cost of businesses and families responded to this effect, and this effect can be widened by increasing the strict financial situation and exchanges rate.”

WEO’s “reference forecast” is based on the arrangements announced as April 4. It states, “Global growth will turn from 3.3 percent to 2.8 per cent in 2025 in 2024, less than 3 percent for estimates for about 2025 in 2026, less than 2025, it is less than 0.5 percent. Country.”

The average deviation bar chart from inflation target (% point) has not yet returned to the target after overseeing the expected inflation

This forecast eliminates the effect of change from April 4. April 9, for example, Trump gave a 90 -day break on higher tariff rates in many countries. At the same time, tariffs on Chinese products were increased and 10 percent remained minimum in all countries. China is the counter again. Two days later, the United States said it would discount many electronic devices. China has raised tariffs once more on US products on April 12. Then the date of the cut-off for WEO-WEO until April 1, the report said-“US effective tariff rates on Chinese products were 5 percent when China was imposed by China, and the US overall effective tariff rate was about 20 percent in the world under January 2021.”

In short, it is a global economy that faces huge negative risk: brutal decopling of the superpowers; Both the United States and China have the pressure between them; US credibility and good feeling to feel good and therefore flights to dollars; Financial and financial crisis; Financial and economic disruption in a world emerging and developing countries with the help of rapidly shrink government; Deep economic and humanitarian crisis; Increases social and political instability; Even the big war.

Naturally, funding cannot explore the geological impact of the potential breakdown of the consolidated world created in the United States for the past eight decades. The question, however, is whether the entire scope of this negative risk can be avoided. It points to the possibility that the fear of this moment will move people out of the brink and so a new world order will fashion. For example, it is possible that China finally realizes that it cannot depend on global demand to draw its huge economy. If it is transferred to a domestic demand-leadership economy at the end, it can reduce the world crisis at least. It is also possible that the United States will leave its useless nostalgia for a manufacturing economy that will never come back and so will move towards further measurements – in fact, Sanner – trade policy.

I Not Optimistic. But I can expect. We cannot be on the way to economic and political catastrophe.

Martin.wolf@ft.com

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